Nagging and flattery Essay Example

Annoying and adulation Essay Alison alludes to her initial three spouses as being old, rich and great. Alison consistently needed her opportunity to do what she needed and to have illicit relationships when she satisfied. She effectively outmaneuvered her old spouses through annoying and sweet talk, when she professed to be jealous. Yet tikled I his herte, for that he/Wende that I hadde of him so welcome chiertee. Alisons fourth husband was extraordinary and had undertakings. Alison, in any case, appreciated the social parts of existence with moving, singing and drinking. Now Alison gets wistful and gives her increasingly helpless side. Alison got her vengeance by playing with other men. Her better half kicked the bucket when she came back from Jerusalem and she covered him efficiently, excusing excruciating recollections of him. Lat him charge wel, God yeve his spirit reste! He is currently in his grave and in his cheste The Wifes fifth spouse gives Alison her most upsetting experience with auctoritee. Alison wedded Jankin only for affection. Jankin may have been shrewd yet not well off and Alison gives him every one of her merchandise once theyre wedded. Jankin is auctoritee without experience and lectures Alison from his Book of Wicked Wives. This irritates Alison and she battles with Jankin who stuns her in one ear. Jankin thinks he has slaughtered her and gives Alison back the force and control. We will compose a custom article test on Nagging and adulation explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Nagging and honeyed words explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Nagging and honeyed words explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The Wife has an amazingly similar, three dimensional character who isn't anxious about giving her indecencies or temperances. She is uproarious, pushy and bossy. She is open about her shrewd nature, and is continually arranging stunts and plans. She is commonsense lady, fit for maintaining a gainful business and family unit. She is cunning, and realizes how to utilize her insight into academic and scriptural writings to put over her assessments. Her fundamental concerns are men, influence and sex, and she is absolutely alluringly, riches and looks. She is fiery, excited and idealistic about existence, indicating sentimentality however not harshness when she reviews her lost youth. She additionally has a warm and powerless side on various events. Endeavors to quiet her by the Pardoner and the Friar come to nothing; even Chaucer becomes overly energetic with his chatty, active creation. Regardless of whether we like the Wife or not, she positively can't be disregarded.

Broadsheet and Tabloid Comparison Essay Example for Free

Broadsheet and Tabloid Comparison Essay The media is without a doubt one of the most persuasive and amazing power inside our general public today. Its methods for mass correspondence can report news in a manner which frequently influences and misshapes a people supposition and understanding of a specific story. However its significance in our general public is tremendous, since its the fundamental method of illuminating people in general regarding national and universal occasions. The motivation behind this article is to inspect and dissect how two differentiating papers a broadsheet and a newspaper report the news. We frequently see the broadsheet as having higher status than the newspaper as it is increasingly genuine, modern and expand. The newspaper interestingly is ruled by exciting stories. I would examine The Daily Mirror, a run of the mill newspaper paper and The Independent which is the customary broadsheet paper. The story being referred to which the two papers are describing concerns the lethal homicide of Yetunde Price, sister of the acclaimed tennis players Venus and Serena Williams. Various papers much of the time change the manner in which news is depicted so as to connect with and enthrall various crowds, yet their basic role is to advise and engage. The Daily Mirror is probably going to tempt the individuals who are less knowledgeable and delegated Social class III, IV and V in the Registrar Generals Scale the common laborers. In this way the narratives that draw in them are probably going to concern savagery, showbiz and games, stories which are glamourised. This is appeared by the way how Yetunde Prices passing was featured by the way that her sisters were recognized tennis players and furthermore the article was contextualized to take care of the perusers interest. The Independent is focused on the more traditionalist, working classes who are classified as Social class I and II in the Registrar-Generals Scale. They are bound to have had broad instruction and favor upmarket papers. However it is substantially more muddled than this: the two articles would have not existed notwithstanding the conspicuous status of Yetundes sisters, thus The Independent has challenged the generalizations of a broadsheet by concentrating more on her glamourous and well known sisters. It is frequently felt that the paper impacts the peruser, yet the perusers themselves impact the manner in which news is accounted for as the papers need to adjust their accounts to the perusers taste so as to stand out for them. The style of The Daily Mirror is one which is u nequivocally composed, containing numerous realistic, striking data on the haunting occasion, without a doubt so as to sensationalize Yetundes less than ideal death just as uncover the extraordinary disparity between her life and her sisters. The article starts by introducing Venus and Serenas riches and eminence: they had the notoriety, the dread and the protectors, this utilization of triplets and similar sounding word usage accentuation their significance as well as an eye catching presentation, inveigling the peruser to peruse further. It at that point proceeds to make reference to the miserable story of their bashful sister with the goal that the peruser may comprehend the criticalness of this story. The subtleties at that point turns out to be all the more upsetting and terrible, depicting clearly the fusillade of shoots, how Yetunde was lying in blood and hit in the chest. Such emotive portrayals might be sickening however the journalists motivation in a newspaper paper is to concentrate on the blood and the butchery so as to make it increasingly reasonable for the peruser. The fluctuated sentence structure additionally add to the glamourised impact. The article from The Independent starts with having short sentence structure which goes straight into the story, catching the perusers consideration, Yet the data given are dubious and rather obscure, utilizing expressions, for example, maybe, nobody yet knows and yet for reasons unknown. This joins the realities with a component of puzzle thus it makes tension and mixes the perusers inquisitiveness.The Independents style depends on the shows of a fantasy story sort and it is focused on the Williams sisters ascend to control. However, similar to all fantasies there is the component of disaster and unfortunately in this specific story, the catastrophe triumphs. Yetunde is the casualty of this catastrophe yet the article focuses more on the force pair sisters and the glamour and the charm of endless competition trophies, of business support, of style lines. The essayists gadget on utilizing similar sounding w ord usage and anaphora again gives more noteworthy effect and energizes the peruser. It is likewise part of the fantasy style account which wins all through the article. The article is likewise not as brutal and gruff as The Daily Mirror and contains a great deal of doublespeak. Aside from the metaphorical portrayals of her last hours, Yetunde is little referenced in contrast with her sisters in The Independent. This is because of the way that she is for all intents and purposes obscure thus the author wouldn't like to lose the perusers consideration. Nonetheless, the peruser may then come to see notoriety, riches and renown is increasingly significant then the principle story. There is obviously a lopsided spotlight on the more respected of the Williams sisters, which fixates on their experience, upraising and way of life that it dominates the principle story. Little of the article is devoted to Yetunde as there is not really any notice of her childhood and qualities. The photos makes the impression of the considerable number of sisters close bond which accentuation their anguish over the loss of Yetunde. Regardless of this, Yetunde herself isn't focal figure of the image. She is rather pos itioned on the extreme left and she is confronting endlessly from her sisters. The proofreader may have this specific picture due to her stance and the solemn garments she is wearing, perphaps as an indication of her moving toward death. The Independent contains a portion of the significant realities on how Yetunde was murdered and gives just one observer account. The Daily Mirror contains more observer records and master assessments working on this issue, which gives a progressively far reaching perspective on the case. Yetunde is likewise given more consideration and the content investigates completely the reason for her demise by having a greater amount of these observer accounts with the goal that it passes on an all the more striking and blending impact. Just as this, The Mirror center more around the zone and the condition the Williams sisters were raised in, with a little area toward the end devoted to uncovering the awful history of the famous Crompton region. There is additionally more foundation information on their lives, yet it will in general interrupt into their private lives as the subtleties given are close to home. The photos incorporate one of the location of the wrongdoing, which is a lot of like a scene from a Hollywood film and an image of the weapon utilized so the peruser may feel increasingly upset at the executing yet slanted to peruse on. The greatest picture shows Yetunde and her sister Serena going to a sparkling honor service which again perform the story. The striking feature of The Daily Mirror, Killed With AK47 isn't just gruff yet written in capital letters and spread over the page so it passes on stun to the peruser. The littler headings above and beneathe it is a short clarification of what occur yet it makes a component of anticipation. The Stars Sister is Murdered specifically diagrams the idea of the story so the peruser would anticipate a great deal of emotionalism. The principle picture of Yetunde and Serena is in truth greater than the content itself yet it has been broadened with the goal that the peruser would believe that Yetunde herself is a VIP and raises the significance of the article. Different pictures are put on the left half of the primary picture so the peruser could see the differentiation among them, thus come to comprehend the cruel truth of Yetunde life. The little segment toward the end has the heading Streets of Fear which is a representation and passes on to the peruser the genuine idea of the area they were raised in. The Independent shows none of these photos of Crompton yet rather has just one picture which is a similar size of the content, so there is less drama. The article itself is a large portion of the size of The Mirror because of absence of data so the peruser may come to see this story as inconsequential. It is additionally positioned on page 11 instead of the newspaper which set it on page 4 and 5, so here there isn't as much publicity around the story. The features are less gruff and there is additionally the utilization of italics on the words: fantasy, affectionate family and pain which influences the perusers feelings. As I have analysized over, the two paper articles shows differentiating portrayals of a similar story. The Mirror with its propensity to overstate the narratives, presents this article with the highlights of acclaim, style and express depictions. The manager is clearly mindful of the way that emotionalism sells. The Independent, notwithstanding its absence of data, has really adopted the more noble strategy by demonstrating regard for the expired with delving into a lot of data the violent subtleties. It could be contended that The Mirror is fairly inappropiate in unethically capitalizing on Yetundes demise, yet their story is in the perusers enthusiasm since not exclusively is Yetunde referenced all the more yet it covers numerous parts of her life and character in tribute to her. Though the editors rationale in introducing the article the manner in which it does in The Independent may be in struggle with the peruser as they are probably going to need more data on Yetunde and the idea of her terrible passing rather than Serena and Venus. In our general public today, we as the crowd are getting progressively concerned, verging on obsessiveness, with the lives of the rich and the renowned. The media comprehends and supports our interest by publicizing an ever increasing number of stories on famous people. This could influence the nature of the news we devour, particularly in tabloids, where as opposed to introducing the more genuine stories, we are overwhelmed with extreme news on the popular.

Alfred Binet and the History of IQ Testing

Alfred Binet and the History of IQ Testing   More in Psychology History and Biographies Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming In This Article Table of Contents Expand History First IQ Test Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test Pros and Cons of IQ Testing Wechsler Intelligence Scales WAIS-IV Interest in intelligence dates back thousands of years. But it wasnt until psychologist Alfred Binet was commissioned to identify students who needed educational assistance that the first intelligent quotient (IQ) test was born. Although it has its limitations, and it has many lookalikes that use far less rigorous measurements, Binets IQ test is well-known around the world as a way to compare intelligence. History During the early 1900s, the French government asked  Binet to help decide which students were most  likely to experience difficulty in school. The government had passed laws requiring that all French children attend school, so it was important to find a way to identify children who would need specialized assistance. Binet and his colleague, Theodore Simon, began developing questions that focused on areas not explicitly taught in schools, such as attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Using these questions, Binet determined which ones served as the best predictors of school success. He quickly realized that some children were able to answer more advanced questions that older children were generally able to answer, and vice versa. Based on this observation, Binet suggested the concept of mental age or a measure of intelligence based on the average abilities of children of a certain age group. First IQ Test This first intelligence test, referred to today as the Binet-Simon Scale, became the basis for the intelligence tests still in use today. However, Binet himself did not believe that his psychometric instruments could be used to measure a single, permanent, and inborn level of intelligence. Binet stressed the limitations of the test, suggesting that intelligence is far too broad a concept to quantify with a single number. Instead, he insisted that intelligence is influenced by a number of factors, that it changes over time, and that it can only be compared to children with similar backgrounds. Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test When the Binet-Simon Scale was  brought to the United States, it generated considerable interest. Stanford University psychologist Lewis Terman took Binets original test and standardized it using a sample of American participants. This adapted test, first published in 1916, was called the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and soon became the standard intelligence test used in the U.S. The Stanford-Binet intelligence test used a single number, known as the intelligence quotient (or IQ), to represent an individuals score on the test. The IQ score was calculated by dividing the test takers mental age by his or her  chronological age and then multiplying this number by 100.?For example, a child with a mental age of 12 and a chronological age of 10 would have an IQ of 120 (12/10 x 100). The Stanford-Binet remains a popular assessment tool today, despite going through a number of revisions over the years since its inception. Pros and Cons of IQ Testing At the outset of World War I, U.S. Army officials were faced with the  task of screening an enormous number of recruits. In 1917, as chair of the Committee on the Psychological Examination of Recruits, psychologist Robert Yerkes developed two tests known as the Army Alpha and Beta tests. The Army Alpha was designed as a written test, while the Army Beta was made up of pictures for recruits who were unable to read or didnt speak English. The tests were administered to over 2 million soldiers in an effort to help the Army determine which men were well-suited to specific positions and leadership roles. At the end of WWI, the tests remained in use in a wide variety of situations outside of the military with individuals of all ages, backgrounds,  and nationalities. For example, IQ tests were used to screen new immigrants as they entered the United States at Ellis Island. The results of these mental tests were unfortunately  used to make sweeping and inaccurate generalizations about entire populations, which led some intelligence experts to exhort Congress to enact immigration restrictions. Wechsler Intelligence Scales Building on the Stanford-Binet test, American psychologist David Wechsler created  a new measurement  instrument. Much like Binet, Wechsler believed that intelligence involved different mental abilities. Dissatisfied with the limitations of the Stanford-Binet, he published his new intelligence test, known as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), in 1955. Wechsler also developed two different tests specifically for use with children: the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI). The adult version of the test has been revised since its original publication and is now known as the WAIS-IV. WAIS-IV The WAIS-IV contains 10 subtests along with five  supplemental tests. The test provides scores in four major areas of intelligence: a Verbal Comprehension Scale, a Perceptual Reasoning Scale, a Working Memory Scale, and a Processing Speed Scale. The test also provides two broad scores that can be used as a summary of overall intelligence: a Full-Scale IQ score that combines performance on all four index scores and a General Ability Index based on six subtest scores. Subtest scores on the WAIS-IV can be useful in identifying learning disabilities, such as cases where a low score in some areas combined with a high score in other areas may indicate that the individual has a specific learning difficulty. Rather than scoring the test based on chronological age and mental age, as was the case with the original Stanford-Binet, the WAIS is scored by comparing the test takers score to the scores of others in the same age group. The average score is fixed at 100, with two-thirds of scores lying in the normal range between 85 and 115. This scoring method has become the standard technique in intelligence testing and is also used in the modern revision of the Stanford-Binet test.

The Wire Fence And What Life Is Like On The Other Side

3. Sometimes I look past the barb wire fence and imagine what life is like on the other side. Is it sunny there like it is here? Is it brown and dirty like here? Are my husband and son okay? Do they have fun outside? Are they even able to go outside? Do they have a curfew like me? Do they get hit? Are they always scared? I hope out there away from the barbed wire they are happy and there is nothing like in here. My name they tell me it s Jasmine but I remember my husband calling me Jas and my son- oh my son such a sweet boy, only 2 when I was taken - he called me mama. I miss them both so much. I have not stopped loving them or missing them for a minute. They were my world. The rules of my life are to love, to forgive, and to†¦show more content†¦I got over with burning hands and ran, not bothering to wrap them. I ran until I couldn t run anymore and then more. I ran to the light where I saw a house, and when I got to it I pounded on the door. When it opened I broke do wn and cried. It was him, it was my son! He looked at me and there was a flash of recognition in his eyes he must have seen pictures and he hugged me yelling â€Å"dad dad she s home!!† Then we were all hugging, happy, safe. My son Jeremiah is tall about 6’2† and he is 20 he looks so different but his brown eyes are still the same he s eyes are big and glinting and he looks like he s going to cry. But there s a look deep in his eyes. An apologetic look and then time stopped I stepped back and started to shake. He looked at me and said, â€Å"mom I know how bad this looks but there was a reason we put you in there they said you were going to be put in jail they said that they would kill you!!† His eyes pleading So I responded with â€Å"Thank you but I would have liked to have stayed outside longer and have real meals and you guys but you had a reason so I can t be mad at you.† â€Å"Where is your bathroom?† I ask â€Å"Right thru that door.† My husband Dan said. â€Å"Thank you.† I said and went into the bathroom. As I m washing my hands I look into the mirror and don t recognize myself. IShow MoreRelatedImmigration And Immigration1358 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"What I am doing is good for the United State, it’s also going to be good for Mexico† said president Donald Trump during an interview with ABC News corresponding to the wall that he wants to build between United State and Mexico to keep illegal immigrants, weapons and drug cross the borders without been detected. Consequently, decrease the percentage of drugs, weapons, and people that cross the borders, improve the economic and safeness of the country. This event is not the first time that comesRead MoreThe Striped Pajamas By John Boyne Essay1213 Words   |  5 Pagesnine-year-old boys, Shmuel, who is Jewish, and Bruno, a German, that share the same birthday in 1940s Nazi Germany. In this paper, I will talk about what this Holocaust genre novel is about and the symbolism that is latent in this documented horror, seen through a child’s eyes. In the book, Bruno is upset when he finds out that his family is moving from the fancy life in Berlin to a place in the countryside called Auschwitz. This place is a concentration camp in World War II, a structure of Nazi Germany andRead MoreSymbolism in The Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck Essay1547 Words   |  7 PagesAllens physical appearance is very mannish yet still allows a hint of a feminine side to peek through. John Steinbeck brings symbolism into play to represent Elisa Allens frustrations and hidden passions. Isolation is another representation through symbolism found in The Chrysanthemums. Elisas failing detached marriage is represented through two symbols. The two reoccurring symbols are the chrysanthemums and fences. John Steinbeck draws pity from the reader for Elisa Allen who desperately wishesRead MoreThe Chrysanthemums Symbolism Analysis1040 Words   |  5 PagesEach of these aspects create the story, but there is more depth than what meets the eye. Through Ste inbeck’s short story one can recognize many symbols that represent the different gender roles of men and women and the male dominance perceived during the time the story was written. Some of the symbols Steinbeck places in his story to represent this are the setting of Salina Valley, chrysanthemums, Henry’s apple orchard, a wire fence, and scissors. 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His novels are published into 42 languages. The story mostly told through Bruno s eyes, but also was allowed to freely move into other characters thoughts. It is told from third point of view. The book is focused on Shmuel and Bruno’s friendship. This book talks about Nazi and concentration camps and has sold more than 5 million copies. I selected this particular book for my reviewRead MoreReflection of Short Story Mercy Essay1154 Words   |  5 Pagesnarrator’s father we find that he has a no-nonsense view of life. He does not like foolishness and likes to get right down to the point. Often the narrator is even afraid to offer his point of view in certain instances because he does not want to offend his father nor for him to think of him as childish. For instance, when the horses arrive the narrator’s father repeatedly calls them ponies, â€Å"Ponies, he kept saying, ponies ponies ponies, like if he said it enough times, he might be able to make themRead MoreThe Chrysanthemums By John Steinbeck Essay1694 Words   |  7 Pages The story â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† by John Steinbeck, like many stories by this author, is loaded with symbolism and concepts about human nature. Each description of characters, places, and physical aspects is written in a way that is simple to understand, but one should not be tricked by his ordinary words since there is always a greater meaning behind them. In this particular story, if one considers the period of time when the story was written, which was the nineteen thirties, is perceived how Steinbeck

Us 101 Week 8 Assignment Free Essays

Associate Level Material Appendix J Reliable Sources Worksheet Locate two sources in the University Library on a topic of your choice. Provide the required information for both sources. Source 1 * Author: Reisch, Michael and Jani, Jayshree S. We will write a custom essay sample on Us 101 Week 8 Assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Date: September 2012 Title: The New Politics of Social Work Practice: Understanding Context to Promote Change. Publication: British Journal of Social Work * Write a 100- to 150-word response to each of the following questions: * Is the source reliable? How do you know? Yes I feel as if this source was reliable simply because it gave facts as well as the truth. This article tells of what type of social work has been done as well as how affective each method was with people. It tells of all the types that they did to fit people’s needs and what it was that happened with each. This being said, it gives us the clear knowledge that we need to see all the different ways it was handled over the past several decades. The authors not only gave their opinions on the subject but they also gave us the facts that they had received. Is the information relevant to the topic? Yes the information is relevant to the topic because it did talk about the different types of social work practices that have taken place over the past few decades as well as what the people could do to change what was being done to perform it better as a whole. The article gives you a clear picture of what it is that social work deals with as well as what you need to do to conduct the proper work for the job. I do not think that the article could have been any more relevant to the topic than it was. Does the information reflect a bias on the author’s part? If so, what is the bias? Yes and no. I do not feel as if the authors were too biased on their writing. However they did tell us a little on how they felt about what was being done. The article was more about the practices of social work over the years and how they can be improved with time. It showed us the bad and the good things that social work brings to the table so I feel that all social work topics should and will have peoples personal opinions somehow tied into the mix. The information that the authors gave us was a great amount that really showed us what it was that needed to be done and how things should work. Source 2 * Author: Blomquist, Brooke A. and Giuliano, Traci A. Date: June 2012 Title: Do You Love Me, Too? Perceptions of Responses to I Love You. Publication: North American Journal of Psychology. * Write a 100- to 150-word response to each of the following questions: * Is the source reliable? How do you know? Yes, I feel that the source is reliable with what they said. I know this because the article is all about a study that was taken between men and women to see what they had to say on the matter of one saying I love you and their response if they do not feel the same. The article not only describes in full what the study was about but also there are pictures of the responses to what was said that corresponds to it. This article was in a Journal of works so it would seem to be more reliable than just a letter from someone or a little paper that was made about it. Is the information relevant to the topic? Yes the information that was given is relevant to the topic because it tells just how people perceive how one feels when being told I love you when they do not feel lit as well. It shows of what people said in the survey as well as why they said what they said. To me, the answers that were given do seem to be reasonable as to what I would expect to be said. Normally when one says I love you it is taken by surprise by the person hearing it and if they are not ready to say it back they are normally more apt to tell them the truth about how they feel; Which is what this article is telling us. Does the information reflect a bias on the author’s part? If so, what is the bias? No, I do not feel that the authors showed bias in the article. I do not feel as if they did simply because it was more about the survey that was taken rather than their personal thoughts on the matter. They may have put a few points in there on how they felt about the subject but there was not enough to say that they gave too much or that they gave more on how they felt about the I love you, Im not ready scenario that happens to most people. The authors showed the true facts on the cases as well as the majority of truth from both sexes. How to cite Us 101 Week 8 Assignment, Papers

Massage therapy free essay sample

? Many Americans suffer from emotional and psychological disorders brought on by the everyday challenges of life. Some common disorders which include anxiety, depression, insomnia and chronic pain are brought on by prolonged stress. Pain and stress are not good or bad. They are the bodys defense mechanism. A stressful situation, whether it is a long awaited promotion at work or death of a loved one, can cause multiple imbalances that, if prolonged, will result in disorders. Massage therapy does have a positive effect on the emotional and psychological state of a client. It can assist the body in proper healing when done professionally and therapeutically. Massage therapy has been a respected form of medicine for more than 3,000 years. It was held in high value in ancient Chinese and Japanese cultures, then spread through Europe and became an adopted practice for many Greeks and Romans as a treatment for stiff muscles and some diseases. We will write a custom essay sample on Massage therapy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The value of massage declined over the centuries. As Western medicine became prominent, the value of massage therapy was reduced to pure luxury for the wealthy, with only temporary relaxation effects. This was the beginning of the quick fix era. Today massage therapy is considered alternative to pharmaceuticals rather than vice versa. There are still many skeptics who minimize the benefits of massage to simply relaxation and view it as unnecessary. However, many others are beginning to realize the true potential of therapeutic massage. When done correctly and regularly, a client will come to realize minimized pain, mind clarity and more mobility. Massage therapy is soft tissue manipulation for healing purposes. Massage promotes blood and lymph circulation, relaxes muscles, relieves pain and restores balance. This can be done through a variety of styles. While massage incorporates many different techniques, the three main modalities are Swedish, deep tissue and therapeutic. Swedish massage promotes circulation and relaxation using light touch. It is most commonly known and used, which is why people do not see any other therapeutic benefits. Deep tissue has more benefit, however it is not utilized or offered as often due to the extent of treatment. Therapeutic is the most effective because it incorporates all modalities to form a personalized treatment that is best for each individuals disorder. It is important to listen to the warning signs provided by the body. The human body is an intricate and interrelated organism. Most stress begins on a subconscious level which is brought on when something stimulates a particular response in the bodys organs or tissues. If the stimulus is consistent and unresolved, it will manifest itself on a conscious level as pain. Pain is the bodys way of getting information across that there is an unresolved stressor. A stressor can be a positive or negative life experience. However, both can result in wear and tear on the body and, if not understood, can manifest emotional and psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression. The body uses stress and pain as a warning that the mental, physical and spiritual being is out of alignment. The health of the body is tied to emotional and psychological health which manifests itself through discomfort and disorders. When dealt with in a proper, healthy way, balance and peace is restored. When ignored, the prolonged stress can lead to other disorders such as depression and anxiety, as well as chronic pain. This will continue until something causes it to stop. If prolonged, stress can manifest itself through other health complications such as anxiety, phobias and depression. There are countless stressors that cause countless disorders. The most well-known ways to prevent disorders are to get enough sleep, drink plenty of water, eat a nutritionally balanced diet and exercise. However, for many people these ways are not enough. Massage therapy is one of the most effective treatments with the least amount of side effects. Regular massage treatments can be used to aid the bodys natural healing process. These effects are easily observable. When it comes to emotional disorders, massage therapy has the greatest effect on stress, anxiety and depression (Field 2011). Calming endorphins are released through purposeful touch and muscle manipulation. This causes stress levels to lower and promotes clear thinking which assists in a more positive self-image. The more treatments received regularly, the longer a person will be more able to cope with their stress. Massage therapy promotes relaxation. This is the most agreed upon statement by professionals in the medical field. Many people suffer from insomnia. Insomnia inhibits the bodys natural healing process and therefore the disorder remains and increases (Vitiello 2007). Pain tells the body to release hormones to fix the problem. When that doesnt happen the problem persists and increases. Insomnia is a viscous circle that deteriorates the bodys defenses. This cycle can effectively assist the onset of other illnesses such as heart disease, cancer, ulcers or diabetes. Studies show that massage relieves pain, decreases anxiety and provides psychological support. Anxiety levels rise when going through stressful situations and has a negative effect on moods thought processes and behaviors. With the appropriate amount of pressure, massage can calm anxiety by providing positive comfort and relaxation. Fibromyalgia has quickly become another common disorder. It is a combination of anxiety, depression, chronic tension and pain, and insomnia. Studies have shown that all of these symptoms reduce significantly with regular massage therapy treatments. First sleep cycles improve and clients become more rested and less fatigued. This relieves muscle tension which aids in better rest and less fatigue. Reports show that further results include lower anxiety and depression levels. Numerous studies have shown the immediate effects of massage therapy. Stress, anxiety, depression and pain have been proven to decrease after just one massage. This decrease will continue over a period of time. The length of time depends on the variable of issues. Essentially massage will have a lasting effect. However, because of the multiple variables involved, there is still much skepticism. There are numerous variables that must be accounted for when studying the effects of massage therapy. Aside from the varying disorders and their severity, the massage practitioner and the client have a major influence on the outcome of the treatments. One massage practitioner can do the same techniques as another on the same client, yet have different results. Not every massage therapist has the same therapeutic motive or even believes that it really is effective. This presents a problem because that kind of therapist will not put their full potential into the purpose of healing and therefore it effects will be less noticeable. Even worse is the client who is so skeptical they make sure massage is not effective. It becomes mind over matter where a person subconsciously refuses to relax and thereby sabotaging their own healing. Many of these clients have had bad experiences with massage. Some massage therapists use too much pressure and leave bruises. Others have bad ethics and make the client uncomfortable. Others believe that mediation and surgery is the only way to heal, even though, after years of this kind of treatment, they still continue to complain about their disorders. Most people are skeptical of massage because of the western medicine practitioners and pharmaceutical companies. People believe that medications will cure anything and no one has to be held accountable for their actions or lack of action when it comes to taking care of their body. It is quick and easy and is usually covered by insurance. Most insurance companies refuse to cover massage or other alternative medicine. People still feel that their doctors and insurances know best and that since alternatives are not covered and are rarely recommended, it is because they do not work. This inference is false. Massage therapy is a process of holistic healing. It is a process that is meant to heal the whole body, not just an individual disorder. It is not like a pill that has one purpose. However, the healing process does begin immediately following one treatment. For many, it took a lifetime of wear and tear to get their body into the condition they have. Naturally, it will take more than one treatment to heal them. Even though a client comes in for one reason, such as migraines, the healing process must include much more than a head massage. The whole upper body must be addressed to stop the pain cycle. After each treatment their migraines will become less and less frequent. Once that happens, the client will become aware of other issues they never realized they had because the migraines were so bad. One relieved disorder usually reveals another. This is a process that could take a few months or a few years, depending on all the variables between the clients and massage practitioner. In conclusion, massage therapy does relieve stress, anxiety and many other emotional and psychological disorders. It is becoming a highly respected and recommended as an alternative to modern medicine. More and more people are becoming tired of seeing their doctors, who dont seem to really care about their health, and medications that have horrible side effects. There are numerous complaints about physicians not believing clients and telling them its all in their head. On top of that, the doctor only spends 10 minutes with them after they have waited for over an hour. Listening to a client is part of a massage therapists training. Good listening skills are one of many variables in assisting the holistic healing process. Clients often discuss their issues, which were ignored by their doctors. The massage practitioner is able to listen and acknowledge the issues, helping the client realize they may not be crazy after all. This simple act can relieve an immense amount of tension which reduces anxiety and depression. It is time for people to become proactive of their physical health and, just as important, emotional health and holistic well-being. Before turning to western medicine for pharmaceuticals that only mask the issues, massage therapy should be the first thing people try. If the medication is not a life or death drug, it would be worth changing to massage therapy as the main treatment and western medicine as the alternative. It is not always a quick fix but in the long run the results are more rewarding. Massage is much more than simply for relaxation purposes. When done properly, it is extremely therapeutic, attaining many positive results.

Power in Employee Relation

Power in Employee Relation Introduction Kelly (1998, p. 88) notes that ‘power is perhaps the most widely used concept in the field of industrial relations, yet little research on the subject of power either theoretically or empirically has been done, â€Å"†¦.to the extent that it now represents a major theoretical lacuna (gap) within the discipline (Kirkbride 1985, p. 44).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Power in Employee Relation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Rose (2004, p. 6) defines power as â€Å"†¦ the extent to which one party to a relationship can compel the other to do something he otherwise would not do voluntarily†. Employment relationships, according to Rose (2004, p. 8) it refers to â€Å"†¦the study of the regulation of the employment relationship between employer and employee, both collectively and individually, and the determination of substantive and procedural issues at organizational and work place levels.† The paper critically examines the importance and implications of power in employment relationships, its comparison to policy and the inherent conflicts. Literature Review The players in employee relations theory include employers and managers, employer representatives, employees and workers, employee representatives, the state, its agencies and other supra -national bodies. Faber Dunlop (1958, p. 28) pioneered the systems approach’. He defines it as a sub system within the industrial society. â€Å"†¦an analytical subsystem of society†. By this definition, power becomes a consequence of distribution of power in a bigger society. Kirkbride (1985, p. 47) criticizes this definition on three grounds: it ignores any critical investigation into the processes of power within industrial relations. The systems approach rejects the importance of behavioral processes in favor of structural processes (102). Furthermore, the systems approach creates a po ssibility of conflict within the industrial relations because it does not recognize opposition (Poole 1981, p. 75).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Unitary theory assumes that there is no possibility of opposition because the organization body is viewed as one integrated family, bound together by the values of the organization. Power as a concept is neglected by the unitary approach (Kirkbride 1985, p. 46). Action theory gives recognition to the theory of power in industrial relations â€Å"†¦it focuses on the relative power of the parties in the exchange relationship† Kirkbride (1985, p. 45). Though it lacks a definite form, two branches of analysis are clear, analysis of decision making of the various players in the industrial relations framework and of the interaction between the players. However, it fails to elaborate how an agreement is reached dur ing the bargaining process. It has restricted focus on the negotiating table. The major strong point of the action theory is that it focuses on behavioral theory. Because of the inherent weakness on the negotiation table, it does neglect the possibility of conflict within the different organizations in the industrial relations frame work (Clarke 1977b, p. 109). Pluralist theory assumes distinct sectional groups within an organization, each with competing interests. Through joint regulation or collective bargaining, Flanders (1970, p. 19) argues that the diverse and competing interests can be regulated. Hyman (1975, p. 69), argues that pluralist focus on regulation conceals the firmness of power in the process of industrial relations. He asserts that employment relationship â€Å"†¦can never be frozen in a single rule.† However, it is rather dynamic and changing. The Marxist Perspective emphasizes the issue of power (Glaser Strauss 1967, p. 71). According to the Marxist, since the capital owners own the means of production, they have more wealth and therefore have advantage over the suppliers of labor. When there is a larger pool of labor, capital is at an advantage because the labor supply exceeds its demand, the labor price is low. Hyman (1975, p. 72) observes, â€Å"It is true that the possession of scarce skills, or the existence of a tight labor market may help lessen the imbalance. Hyman (1975, p. 75) observes â€Å"for a while the powers of the employer are enormous he is at the same time dependent on his labor force.†Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Power in Employee Relation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Capital may be dependent upon labour in a number of ways; the Marxist position points that the relationship between capital and labor may continuously fluctuate. The Marxist perspective offers a useful perspective into the analysis of power and employee relation s. However, his view of power as a zero-sum game phenomenon and failure to develop power at micro level attract criticism (Kirkbride 1985, p. 47). Discussion Employment relations is the contemporary term for industrial relations, the theoretical perspectives and the way their points of view can has been discussed in the literature reviews. Modern management approaches today strike a balance between unitary and pluralism. The approach chosen depends on the employee relations climate. When trade union power is low, management makes the decision, when union power is high, then negotiation and consultation are adopted (Purcell Sisson 1983, p. 210). The bargaining power of the unions can be estimated based on membership density, strike frequency statistics, bargaining outcomes, structural factors and leadership. The 21 century has witnessed a decline in both union strength and influence due to the shift from manufacturing to services in the developed world. The smaller workspace in the service sector has hindered union organization and recruitment. Even though, employees still have a voice- â€Å"a whole variety of processes and structures which enable and at a times empower, employees, directly and indirectly to contribute to decision making in the firm† (Boxall Purcell 2003, p. 162). The employees can air their voice formally and informally, directly or through representation, collectively or individually depending on the intention. Some forms of employee voices are bottom-up arising from a desire among the employees to be listened to. In most cases however, management often initiates the modalities for employee voice either out of pressure from employees or as a strategy to be more inclusive. Dundon Rollinson (2007, p. 121) call the difference between how much influence employees report have over management decisions and how much influence they would like to have, the â€Å"representative gap†.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Wilkinson et al. (2004, p. 306) acknowledged four categories of employee involvement and participation that give employees varying levels of power in their work places; downward communication, upward problem solving, representative participation, and financial participation. Downward communication is a top- down strategy communication from management to employees, for example, through newsletters, notice boards among others. It does not give the employees much power. Upward problem solving empowers the employees to improve work processes. They suggest solutions to specific problems and this gives them great possession over decisions. Under representative participation, the employees interest are represented by their leaders (elected workers representatives) (McBride 2004, p. 82). It provides employees with some degree of influence over a number of issues such as work councils and advisory councils. Trade union representation often has a greater power over decisions because failure t o respect employees views can result in industrial action. Collective bargaining, refer to joint regulation of specific aspects of the employment relationship between employers and recognized trade union representatives (Faber Dunlop 1958, p. 56). Workers capitalize on their solidarity that gives them a stronger bargaining position against management. They focus on substantive issues like payment and conditions of work. Finally, according to Marchington et al. (1992, p. 63), financial participation, allows the employees to have financial share in the firm. Strauss (2006) asserts that financial participation compliments voice initiatives. It seeks to develop long term relationships between the employees and their employer by linking the overall firms success with an individual reward. They include employee share ownership, sharing of profits and payment of bonuses. In conclusion, it is clear that the concept of power in employee relation has evolved over time. List of References Cla rke, J., 1977b. Workers in the Tyneside Shipyards in McCord, N. (Ed) (1977) Essays in Tyneside Labour. History. Newcastle: Department of Humanities. Dundon, T., and Rollinson D. 2007. Understanding Employment Relations. McGraw Hill: Maidenhead. Faber, F., and Dunlop J., 1958. Industrial Relations Systems. New York: Holt. Flanders, A 1970, Management and Unions: The Theory and Reform of Industrial Relations. Glaser, B., and Strauss A. 1967. The discovery of grounded theory. Chicago: Aldine. Hyman, R. 1975. Industrial relations: A Marxist introduction. London: Macmillan. Kelly, J., 1998. Rethinking Industrial Relations: Mobilization, Collectivism and Long Waves. London: Routledge. Kirkbride, P. 1985. Power in industrial relations research. Industrial Relations Journal, vol.16, pp. 44-56. McBride, J. 2004. Renewal or resilience? the persistence of shop steward organization in the Tyneside maritime construction industry. London: Capital Class. Poole, M., 1981. Theories of Trade Unionis m: A Sociology of Industrial Relations. Routledge Kegan Paul. Rose, E. 1994. The Disorganized Paradigm British Industrial Relations in the 1990s. Employee Relations, vol. 16, no.1, pp. 27-40. Wilkinson, A et al. 2004. Changing patterns of employee voice: Case studies from the UK and Republic of Ireland. The Journal of Industrial Relations, vol.46 no.3 pp. 298–322.